Epoch, a enterprise agency specializing in Bitcoin infrastructure, issued its second annual ecosystem report on January 21, 2026, forecasting strong progress for the asset regardless of a subdued 2025 efficiency.
The 186-page doc analyzes Bitcoin’s value dynamics, adoption traits, regulatory outlook, and technological dangers, positioning the cryptocurrency as a maturing financial system. Key highlights embody a prediction that Bitcoin will attain a minimum of $150,000 USD by year-end, pushed by institutional inflows and decoupling from equities. The report additionally anticipates the Readability Act failing to cross, although its substance on asset taxonomy and regulatory authority could advance by SEC steerage. Further forecasts cowl gold rotations boosting Bitcoin by 50 p.c, main asset managers allocating 2 p.c to mannequin portfolios, and Bitcoin Core sustaining implementation dominance.
Eric Yakes, CFA charterholder and managing accomplice at Epoch Ventures, brings over a decade of finance experience to the Bitcoin area, having began his profession in company finance and restructuring at FTI Consulting earlier than advancing to personal fairness at Lion Fairness Companions, the place he centered on buyouts. He left conventional finance lately to immerse himself in Bitcoin, authoring the influential ebook “The seventh Property: Bitcoin and the Financial Revolution,” which explores Bitcoin’s function as a transformative financial asset, and has since written extensively on its applied sciences and ecosystem. Yakes holds a double main in finance and economics from Creighton College, positioning him as a key voice in Bitcoin enterprise capital by Epoch, a agency devoted to funding Bitcoin infrastructure.
The Loss of life of the 4-12 months Cycle
Bitcoin closed 2025 at $87,500, marking a 6 p.c annual decline however an 84 p.c four-year achieve that ranks within the backside 3 p.c traditionally. The report states the loss of life of the 4-year cycle in no unsure phrases: “We imagine cycle concept is a relic of the previous, and the cycles themselves most likely by no means existed. The very fact is that Bitcoin is boring and rising progressively now. We make the case for why gradual progress is exactly what’s going to drive a ‘progressively, then out of the blue’ second.”
The report goes on to debate cycle concept in depth, presenting a view of the longer term that’s turning into the brand new market expectation: much less volatility to the draw back, sluggish and regular progress to the upside.
Value motion suggests a brand new bull market commenced in 2026, with 2025’s drop from $126,000 to $81,000 probably being a self-fulfilling prophecy on account of cycle expectations, as RSI remained beneath overbought since late 2024, suggesting bitcoin already went by a bear market and we’re commencing a brand new form of cycle.
Versus gold, Bitcoin is down 49 p.c from its highs, in a bear market since December 2024. Gold’s meteoric rise presents a possible value catalyst for bitcoin; a small rebalancing reallocation from gold of 0.5% would induce better inflows than the U.S. ETFs; at 5.5%, it could equal bitcoin’s market capitalization. Gold’s rise makes bitcoin extra engaging on a relative foundation, and the upper gold goes, the extra possible a rotation into bitcoin. Timing evaluation, as seen within the chart beneath, which counts days from the native high, suggests Bitcoin is perhaps nearing a backside versus Gold.
By way of volatility bitcoin has aligned with mega-caps like Tesla, with 2025 averages for Nasdaq 100 leaders exceeding Bitcoin’s, suggesting a risk-asset decoupling and limiting drawdowns. Lengthy-term inventory correlations persist, however maturing credit score markets and safe-haven narratives could pivot Bitcoin towards gold-like habits.
The report goes in-depth into different potential catalysts for 2026, defending its bullish thesis, equivalent to:
- Constant ETF Inflows
- Nation State Adoption
- Mega-cap Firms Allocating to Bitcoin
- Wealth Managers Allocating Purchasers
- Inheritance Allocation
FUD, Sentiment and Media Evaluation
Evaluation of 356,423 datapoints from 653 sources reveals a fractured sentiment panorama, with “Bitcoin is useless” narratives concluded. FUD is secure at 12-18 p.c however the matters rotate, crime and authorized themes are up 277 p.c, whereas environmental FUD is down 41 p.c.
A 125-point notion hole exists between convention attendees (+90 optimistic) whereas tech media is mostly unfavourable at (-35). UK retailers present 56-64 p.c negativity, 2-3 occasions worldwide averages.
The Lightning Community protection dominates podcasts at 33 p.c however garners solely 0.28 p.c mainstream protection, a 119x disparity. Layer 2 options aren’t zero-sum, with Lightning at 58 p.c mentions and Ark up 154 p.c.
Media framing has brought on mining sentiment to swing 67 factors: mainstream retailers cowl the sector at 75.6 p.c optimistic, whereas Bitcoin communities view it at solely 8.4 p.c optimistic, underscoring the significance of narrative and viewers credibility for mining firms.
Bitcoin Treasury Firms
Extra firms added Bitcoin to their stability sheets in 2025 than in any earlier 12 months, marking a significant step in company adoption. Established companies that already held Bitcoin—often called Bitcoin treasury firms, or BtcTCs—purchased even bigger quantities, whereas new entrants went public particularly to boost cash and buy Bitcoin. In response to the report, public firm bitcoin holdings elevated 82% y/y to ₿1.08 million and the variety of public firms holding bitcoin grew from 69 to over 191 all through 2025.65 Companies personal a minimum of 6.4% of complete Bitcoin provide – public firms 5.1% and personal firms 1.3%. This created a transparent boom-and-bust sample all year long.
Firm valuations rose sharply by mid-2025 earlier than pulling again when the broader Bitcoin value corrected. The report explains that these public treasury firms supply buyers simpler entry by conventional brokers, the flexibility to borrow in opposition to holdings, and even dividend funds, although with dilution dangers. In distinction, shopping for and holding Bitcoin straight stays easier and preserves the asset’s full shortage.
Wanting forward, Epoch expects Japan’s Metaplanet to submit the very best a number of on internet asset worth (mNAV)—a key valuation metric—amongst all treasury firms with a market cap above $1 billion. The agency additionally predicts that an activist investor or rival firm will pressure the liquidation of 1 underperforming treasury agency to seize the low cost between its share value and the precise worth of its Bitcoin holdings.
Over time, these firms will stand out by providing aggressive yields on their Bitcoin. In complete, treasury firms acquired roughly 486,000 BTC throughout 2025, equal to 2.3 p.c of the complete Bitcoin provide, drawing additional company curiosity in Bitcoin. For enterprise house owners contemplating a Bitcoin treasury, the report highlights each the expansion potential and the dangers of public-market volatility.
The Bitcoin Treasury Firms part of the report explores:
- The basics of a Bitcoin treasury allocation together with the potential advantages and dangers of Bitcoin treasury firm investing.
- The 2025 timeline of Bitcoin Treasury firms.
- Present valuations of BtcTCs.
- Our opinion on BtcTCs broadly, and the way we view them in comparison with proudly owning Bitcoin straight.
- Commentary on particular BtcTCs.
- Predictions on Bitcoin treasury firms within the coming years.
Regulation Expectations for 2026
Epoch predicts the Readability Act—a proposed invoice to make clear digital asset oversight by dividing authority between the SEC and CFTC—is not going to cross Congress in 2026. Nonetheless, the report expects the invoice’s essential concepts, together with clear definitions for asset classes and regulatory jurisdiction, to advance by SEC rulemaking or steerage as an alternative. The agency additionally forecasts Republican losses within the midterm elections, which might set off new regulatory stress on crypto, most probably within the type of shopper safety measures aimed toward perceived trade dangers. On high-profile authorized instances, Epoch doesn’t count on pardons for the founders of Samurai Pockets or Twister Money this 12 months, although future authorized appeals or associated proceedings could finally assist their defenses.
The report takes a essential view of current legislative efforts, arguing that payments just like the GENIUS Act (centered on stablecoins) and the Readability Act prioritize trade lobbying over the considerations of on a regular basis Bitcoin customers, particularly the flexibility to carry and management belongings straight with out third-party interference (self-custody).
The report factors out a discrepancy between what crypto-owning voters need — a majority preferring above all, the best to transact. Whereas the Readability and Genius Acts give attention to much less in style particular pursuits, they only fall throughout the 50% assist vary. Epoch warns that “This deviation between the need of the voters and the need of the most important trade gamers is an early warning signal of the potential hurt from regulatory seize (intentional or in any other case)”.
The report is especially essential of the way in which the GENIUS Act arrange the regulatory construction for stablecoins. The paragraph on the subject is so poignant that it deserves being printed in its entirety:
“Meet the brand new boss, identical because the previous boss:
Final 12 months, in our Bitcoin Banking Report, we mentioned the construction of the 2-tier banking system within the US (see determine beneath). On this system, the Central Financial institution pays a yield on the deposits it receives from the Tier II Industrial banks, who then go on to share a portion of that yield with their depositors. Sound acquainted?
The compromise construction within the GENIUS Act primarily creates a parallel banking system the place stablecoin issuers play the function of Tier I Central Banks and the crypto exchanges play the function of Tier II Industrial Banks.
To make issues worse, stablecoin issuers are required to maintain their reserves with regulated Tier II banks and are unlikely to have entry to Fed Grasp accounts. The upshot of all that is that the GENIUS act converts a peer-to-peer cost mechanism right into a closely intermediated cost community that sits on high of one other closely intermediate cost community.”
The report goes into additional depth on matters of regulation and regulatory seize threat, closing the subject with an evaluation of how the CLARITY Act would possibly and, of their opinion, ought to take form.
Quantum Computing Danger
Issues about quantum computing probably breaking Bitcoin’s cryptography surfaced prominently in late 2025, partly contributing to institutional sell-offs as buyers reacted to headlines about fast advances within the discipline. The Epoch report attributes a lot of this response to behavioral biases, together with loss aversion—the place folks worry losses greater than they worth equal good points—and herd mentality, through which market contributors observe the group with out impartial evaluation. The authors describe the perceived risk as considerably overhyped, noting that claims of exponential progress in quantum capabilities, typically tied to “Neven’s Legislation,” lack strong observational proof up to now.
“Neven’s regulation states that the computational energy of quantum computer systems will increase at a double exponential charge of classical computer systems. If true, the timeline to interrupt Bitcoin’s cryptography could possibly be as brief as 5 years.
Nonetheless, Moore’s regulation was an remark. Neven’s regulation isn’t an remark as a result of logical qubits aren’t rising at such a charge.
Neven’s regulation is an expectation of consultants. Based mostly on our understanding of skilled opinion within the fields we’re educated about, we’re extremely skeptical of skilled projections,” the Epoch report defined.
They add that present quantum computer systems haven’t succeeded in factoring numbers bigger than 15, and error charges improve exponentially with scale, making dependable large-scale computation removed from sensible. The report argues that progress in bodily qubits has not but translated into the logical qubits or error-corrected techniques wanted for factorization of the massive numbers underpinning Bitcoin’s safety.
Implementing quantum-resistant signatures prematurely — which do exist — would introduce inefficiencies, consuming extra block area on the community, whereas rising schemes stay untested in real-world circumstances. Till significant advances in factorization happen, Epoch concludes the quantum risk doesn’t warrant speedy precedence or community adjustments.
Mining Expectations
The report forecasts that no firm among the many high ten public Bitcoin miners will generate greater than 30 p.c of its income from AI computing companies throughout the 2026 fiscal 12 months. This end result stems from vital delays within the growth and deployment of the required infrastructure for large-scale AI workloads, stopping miners from pivoting as shortly as some market narratives advised.
Media protection of Bitcoin mining reveals a stark divide relying on who’s framing the dialogue. Mainstream retailers are inclined to painting the trade positively—75.6 p.c of protection is favorable, typically emphasizing power innovation, job creation, or financial advantages—whereas conversations inside Bitcoin communities stay much more skeptical, with solely 8.4 p.c optimistic sentiment. This 67-point swing in internet positivity highlights how framing and viewers form perceptions of the identical sector, with group credibility remaining a essential issue for mining firms in search of to keep up assist amongst Bitcoin holders.
The report has much more to supply together with evaluation of layer two techniques and Bitcoin adoption knowledge on a number of fronts, it may be learn on Epoch’s web site without cost.