Amazon has up to date its buying phrases for Kindle e-books in the US to make clear that clients are buying a license to the content material, not possession. The brand new assertion reads: “By inserting your order, you’re buying a license to the content material and conform to the Kindle Retailer Phrases of Use.” This replace is particular to U.S. clients; worldwide customers proceed to see the earlier wording, however the message is identical: You don’t personal it; we’re solely letting you utilize it.
Beginning February 26, 2025, Amazon will discontinue the “Obtain & Switch through USB” characteristic for Kindle gadgets. This implies customers can not obtain Kindle books on to their computer systems for handbook switch, because the entry to bought content material will now rely completely on Amazon’s cloud infrastructure. This transformation factors out a delicate fact about possession and reinforces a easy reality: It isn’t yours if another person can take it away.
This isn’t simply an Amazon concern however applies to all content material and supplies in our present digital period. Your favourite songs and albums in your streaming app can’t be accessed with out an web connection. They restrict the variety of gadgets you’ll be able to hear from, and so they insert adverts until you pay them a month-to-month price. Gone are the times of information, tapes, and CDs having the liberty to hear nevertheless you need, resell, and even give it away to a pal.
What does it imply to personal one thing? Possession is often understood because the act or state of possessing one thing. On this case, we clearly possess the content material, however it may be altered or taken away from us at any time. That’s not true possession. Oxford states possession is outlined as “The unique proper to make use of, possess, and eliminate property”. So exclusivity is required in possession.
What about different intangible digital gadgets equivalent to cash or id? You possess your title or deal with on social media or e-mail. That’s you, it’s your on-line likeness, persona, and content material that you simply created. You can’t have two folks with the identical title or deal with, and that exclusivity is enforced by a password on the account, however that account might be locked, banned, or deleted at any time by the selections of Fb or X. What about that cash in your checking account? You possess it, and you’ve got authorized rights to it, however banks freeze accounts, and governments seize funds on a regular basis. That’s not true possession.
So I ask once more: What does it imply to personal one thing? It isn’t sufficient to own it; having exclusivity and even authorized rights just isn’t sufficient. To really personal one thing, you alone should have the ability to implement that possession and exclusivity. Within the bodily world, enforcement largely comes right down to coercion and the menace or precise use of violence. The eviction discover from the sheriff’s division, the armed guards in entrance of a vault, the redrawing of borders after a conflict. Within the digital area, encryption serves this goal and, on the similar time, removes the necessity for violence by making power ineffective. It creates possession that can’t be overridden by violence. No quantity of bodily power can break sturdy cryptography. A authorities can seize a server, and an organization can shut down an account, but when knowledge is encrypted and the hot button is non-public, the knowledge stays inaccessible. The one strategy to entry encrypted belongings is thru consent.
Encryption doesn’t simply defend digital possession; it adjustments the very nature of energy. It removes violence from the equation. That’s why it’s so disruptive.
Digital signing in encrypted techniques is the way you show possession and management within the digital world. PGP enables you to signal messages and recordsdata, proving they got here from you and haven’t been altered. Nostr, a decentralized social media protocol, works the identical method. Your posts and id are tied to your non-public key, not an organization that may ban or delete you. Bitcoin exemplifies this precept. Controlling your non-public keys means solely you’ll be able to entry and handle your funds. Once you signal a Bitcoin transaction, solely you’ll be able to entry and transfer your cash. No financial institution can freeze it, no authorities can seize it with out your key. True possession is about having the ability to implement that possession.
The Bitcoin axiom “Not your keys, not your cash” involves thoughts. “Not your keys, not your cash” means should you don’t management the non-public keys to your Bitcoin, you don’t personal it. Once you preserve Bitcoin on an change, the change holds the keys, not you. They’ll freeze your account, restrict withdrawals, and even lose your funds. Brokerage accounts and retirement accounts with Bitcoin ETFs might be frozen or seized the identical as any checking account. True possession means holding your keys as a result of solely then do you have got full management over your cash, id, and property.
The shift from bodily to digital has made entry simpler however possession murky. Whether or not it’s books, music, id, or cash, simply having possession is an phantasm of possession. Firms can revoke entry, governments can seize funds, and platforms can erase identities, however encryption adjustments that. Possession turns into enforceable, not by legal guidelines, a company, or an establishment, however by math. If you’d like true digital possession, the rule is easy: management your keys, or another person is the true proprietor.
This can be a visitor submit by Will Jager. Opinions expressed are completely their very own and don’t essentially replicate these of BTC Inc or Bitcoin Journal.